Georgia O essays

Georgia O papers The twentieth century delivered WWI, Hitler, and the Great Depression to the world. It was a period of disturbance and out of strife comes change. The craftsmanship world would likewise be flipped around and everlastingly changed. Fauves, Expressionism, Cubism, Futurism, Fantasy, Dada, Surrealism, and early Abstract craftsmanship where a portion of the new fine arts. One of the most famous American painters of the twentieth century was a lady named Georgia OKeeffe, known for her theoretical yet target style, improved shapes, natural structures, and substance that included dynamic pictures, bloom artworks, faded creature bones, scenes of the desert, and sky cloud canvases, among different centerpieces. Georgia was destined to a prosperous cultivating family in Sun Prairie Wisconsin, 1887. After secondary school she took a crack at classes at the Art Institute of Chicago, and after two years she went to the Art Students League in New York City. Georgia concentrated with the American Impressionist William Merritt Chase. OKeeffe was anyway repulsed by the inflexible academicism of her craft guidance, and in 1909 she surrendered her investigations to function as a business craftsman in Chicago. In 1912, Georgia went to craftsmanship classes under the heading of Columbia University teacher Arthur Wesley Dow. Dow was an admirer of Oriental craftsmanship and an understudy of Post-Impressionism. Dow had confidence in absolutely embellishing craftsmanship. His lone concern was to occupy a space in a delightful manner. Dows lessons persuaded Georgia that there were methods of articulation more fulfilling than scholarly authenticity. OKeeffes energy for painting was stirred, and she moved to Texas to acknowledge a situation as a craftsmanship instructor. It was in Texas, 1912 when Georgia started to make dynamic arrangements. During the principal many years of the twentieth century, various specialists including OKeeffe advanced toward deliberation as a visual language fit for signifyi... <! Georgia o papers In visiting the Metropolitan Museum of Art there was one specific painter whose work truly stood apart for me and held the greatest motivation on me as somebody who is attempting to seek after craftsmanship. This renowned painter was Georgia OKeeffe who set up the vast majority of her work in the mid 1900s. She was one of the main American Artists of her time. O'Keeffe's later works of art have been arranged as Modern. This alludes to a time of craftsmanship from the 1860's right through to the 1970's when craftsmen started to step once more from conventional workmanship and be extraordinary and irregular. Present day workmanship is described by changing perspectives about craftsmanship, an enthusiasm for contemporary occasions as subjects, individual imaginative articulation, and opportunity from authenticity. Georgia O'Keeffe's urban works are most firmly connected with Precisionism which is otherwise called Cubist Realism. What is Precisionism? It is a style of painting where an article is delineated practically with an accentuation on the geometrical type of the item. A portion of the significant American specialists associated with this development or style, other than Georgia O'Keeffe, are Charles DeMuth, Preston Dickinson, Louis Lozowick, and Charles Sheeler. One can get a really smart thought of what precisely was associated with this sort of painting just from the name. The decision of subject and style was practiced with cautious accuracy. A Storm is a luxurious pastel that catches the wonderful sight of a seething electrical tempest over water. O'Keeffe made a shocking difference between the dark blue pastel of the water and sky, smeared and smooth, and the sharp precise electrical discharge lightning laid out in yellow. This emotional scene, which she in all likelihood saw at Lake George, incorporates the astonishing appearance of a full moon reflected in the lake at lower left. In spite of the fact that O'Keeffe's pastels were shown regularly during the 1920s and 1930s, they speak to a less natural part of her oeuvre. This work of art was made I... <!

Ethcial Issues in the Financial services Industry Term Paper

Ethcial Issues in the Financial administrations Industry - Term Paper Example It is viewed as that general individuals will in general consider the field of money related administrations as increasingly dishonest when contrasted with different zones of business. This is considered as such for the most part on account of the way that the business is viewed as very large. 2 Moral issues are considered to have an immense significance in the business of budgetary administrations in light of the fact that various individuals are viewed as customers of such administrations. General individuals will in general consider this field as increasingly dishonest when contrasted with different zones of business. This is for the most part a result of the way that the business is viewed as very enormous. It involves contract moneylenders, benefits reserves, speculation banks, common store associations, protection associations, protections firms, and banks. The business is considered to make part of features which tout for its moral slips by because of its tremendous size. Mediators that work in the field of monetary administrations must adhere to guidelines of the business, rules of law, and act in a moral way. The associations working in the money related administrations industry lead various gatherings concerning promoting of budgetary administrations, speculation e xamination, innovation preparing, and new item preparing however there is less significance put with respect to moral preparing. The considering associations must be changed in such manner with the end goal that moral preparing structures some portion of gatherings in budgetary help associations and ought to have a critical number of attendances. The money related administrations industry is considered to offer basic types of assistance which can be considered as major to current society and economy. It offers types of assistance, for example, shielding cash of the overall population and furnishing them with household loaning administrations. In such manner, it tends to be said that considering the crucial job that money related assistance associations play, it is legitimate to

Evolution of Predator and Prey Pairings

Presentation The world is experiencing different changes all together for all species to adjust to the inescapable changes on nature. This has prompted instances of developments and advancements as people endeavor to discover better methods of fitting in the society.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Evolution of Predator and Prey Pairings explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand all other living things are experiencing advancement though at an exceptionally negligible level so as to empower them fit in the earth (Katz 2009). In the biological system different natural ways of life and networks keep on changing as rivalry between preys keep on rising. This paper assesses the development of predator and prey pairings and how it prompts the advancement of prey species. In environment a predator is characterized as a creature or life form that benefits from different living beings while the prey is the person in question (Scott 2010). The connection among predator and prey is significant so as to guarantee there is a harmony between the prey and predator populaces. Predators assume a significant job of guaranteeing that the prey populace is directed to stay away from overpopulation. Nonetheless, late examinations have uncovered an odd matching of predators and preys because of nonstop adjustments that undermine the presence of prey in any biological system. This is because of the way that the predators are developing at a quicker rate than their preys. It ought to be comprehended that all life forms need to advance at a similar rate given the way that they dwell in a similar biological system. This is uncovered in the connection between the lion and the Thompson gazelles for a situation study done in one of Africa’s game parks known as the Serengeti situated at the Kenya Tanzania outskirt. The examination uncovered that lions have become quicker and grown high affectability so as to chase gazelles effortle ssly. As the recreation center keeps on experiencing changes because of a worldwide temperature alteration gazelles are adjusting more slow than lions and this empowers the later to have higher potentials for success of endurance contrasted with the previous. The investigation uncovered that the relationship between the lions and the gazelles should be adjusted and endeavors are being made to guarantee the gazelle populace is kept consistent to maintain a strategic distance from their termination. Given the way that prey and predator pairings undermines the endurance of the prey there are other outer variables that add to the end of the prey species (Bothman 2010). Every one of these life forms live in a similar biological system and are subsequently exposed to the equivalent ecological conditions.Advertising Looking for exposition on nature? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Whenever these conditions undermine the presence o f species they don't do as such in confinement of the prey or predator alone. These conditions compromise the lives of the two gatherings of living beings and combined with the taking care of conduct of the predators the preys are hence exposed to a higher danger of getting wiped out contrasted with the predators. In any case, the populaces of predators face incredible dangers from different variables that may help in lessening odds of prey elimination because of the way that as more predators keep on being murdered by ailments, poaching and backwoods fires their populace decreases. Along these lines, there will be less predators benefiting from the prey and this gives the number of inhabitants in the later higher odds of expanding. It is assessed that inside the following twenty years very nearly 20% of creatures living in different locales of the world will become terminated if appropriate mediations are not set up. End Human mediation in the environment assumes a significant job of guaranteeing all types of living things are ensured against termination. More research should be directed to guarantee defensive measures are taken to ensure every single jeopardized specie. References Bothman, J. (2010). Flesh eater Ecology in Aroid Lands (Adaptations of Desert Organisms). New York: Springer Publishers. Katz, R. (2009). Development. New York: Createspace Publishers. Scott, J. (2010). Development. Stamford: Cengage Learning.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Evolution of Predator and Prey Pairings explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper on Evolution of Predator and Prey Pairings was composed and put together by client Brantley Oneill to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Explain why the bank of Englan essays

Clarify why the bank of Englan expositions The strategy of overfunding compared with the perspective on down to business monetarism of the mid eighties. Anyway its use was an immediate aftereffect of what went before it. The bodice and credit controls were the principle devices that the specialists used to control the cash gracefully in the years going before overfunding. Thusly it is valuable to consider these strategies as an antecedent to looking at overfunding. The bodice was not the same as past plans of financial control in that it didnt separate between bank loaning to people in general or private area. Along these lines the administration felt that it is ready to allow rivalry among banks and abstain from freezing the circulation of stores between them (Dow and Saville, 1988,pp154). The bodice was intended to work connected at the hip with different plans the were at that point set up and forced a cutoff on the financial framework all in all as opposed to on singular foundations on account of the exchange arrangements in the plan. The girdle was commonly a triumph. In our concise depiction we saw that the girdle was in would in general control the bank frameworks loaning overall over the six years of its reality it seemed to have done this. The framework was not ever-present after its presentation in 1973. Truth be told initially it was distinctly set up for minimal longer than a year. It was then fortified in 1976 , for an a lot shorter time, before its last stretch somewhere in the range of 1978 and 1980. Over this time the development if the banks real stores were kept , in the dominant part, inside the focused on zones. Anyway there is some discussion with respect to whether the banks would have picked this pace of development paying little heed to the nearness of the punishments. This is delineated by the way that when the undergarment was first forced the interest for bank advances went from a grand position and fell away rapidly. This shows the new enactments were not having an especially intense impact . Anyway the reality these reactions can be invalidated by ... <!

Bad Credit Repair When to Close a Credit Card and When to Keep It Open

Bad Credit Repair When to Close a Credit Card and When to Keep It Open Bad Credit Repair: When to Close a Credit Card and When to Keep It Open Bad Credit Repair: When to Close a Credit Card and When to Keep It Open Closing a credit card will negatively impact your score, but not for the reason you think.Your credit score is very important. This three-digit number compiled by the three major credit bureaus determines what kind of loans and other credit cards you’ll be able to qualify for and at what rates.Simply put, your credit score determines your financial future.How does a credit score work, anyway?If your score is in the high 700s or above, you’ll have a good shot at getting whatever kinds of loan you might need. But if that score is under 700, your prospects will look gradually worse and worse the lower it gets.If your score is too low, you might not be able to find any loan at all, other than a bad credit loan. And while some bad credit loans can be useful financial tools,  many of them are quite risky. For instance, you could end up with a no credit check loan with super high rates and super short payment terms you might even have to put up your car as collateral.Clearly, you’ll be much better off with a higher credit score, but if you’re starting with a low score or even no score at all, it can be really intimidating to build up good credit. One of the most important steps is paying down your debts and paying all of your bills on-time going forward.But there’s often some confusion when it comes to credit cards. If less debt is good, wouldn’t the best possible option be paying off your remaining credit card balances and then closing them so you won’t be able to acquire any further credit card debt?Closing a credit card wont lower the age of your credit.While you might be worried about hurting your credit score through credit card misuse, proper credit card use is one of the most effective ways to build up your score. And that’s not all. If you aren’t careful, you can actually harm your credit score by closing a credit card.“Closing credit cards is typically a bad idea for y our credit scores, but not for the reason a lot of people believe,” advised Michelle Black  credit expert and president at www.HOPE4USA.com. “One of the factors which FICO considers when calculating your credit scores is the average age of the accounts on your credit reportsâ€"the older the better.Some people believe that when you close an account, such as a credit card, you lose credit for the age of that account when your average age of accounts is calculated. However, that is not true. Closed credit card accounts remain on your credit for generally seven to 10 years (seven years for negative accounts, 10 years for positive accounts). As long as the account  remains on your credit reports, the age of the account will continue to be considered by credit scoring models.Closing credit cards will hurt your credit utilization ratio.“The real reason why closing a credit card account often damages credit scores is because closing an account, especially one which is paid off, can tr igger an increase in your aggregate revolving utilization ratio. Credit scoring models take a look at how much total credit card debt you owe versus your total credit limits on open accounts. When you close an account your overall or aggregate credit card limit is lowered, often resulting in lower credit scores.”Katie Ross, Education and Development Manager at the American Consumer Credit Counseling, or ACCC, reiterated the warning against closing credit cards recklessly while also advising how best to properly close them:“Closing your credit cards, especially closing multiple cards at once, will hurt your credit score, credit utilization, and length of credit history. Only close your card if you can’t control your spending and need to remove the temptation. However, if you plan on closing cards, you should fulfill your debt obligation so that it doesn’t report as closed, but with a balance. If you decide to close multiple cards, gradually doing so every six months will help limit the damage to your score, rather than closing multiple cards at once.”So closing credit cards isn’t an inherently good way to improve your credit, and can even cause it greater harm.If youre going to close a credit card, which one should you close?This doesn’t mean that you should never ever close a credit card. But how do you know which to close and which to leave open?Thankfully, Ross gave us the rundown on which cards you should close:“The card you don’t use with an annual fee. A card with an annual fee that you aren’t using will just cost you money.“A newer card you don’t use; it won’t help you establish credit history.“Make sure closing one card doesn’t impact your score by paying off balances on all other cards. If you have zero balances, your credit utilization rate will be zero, and won’t be impacted by the loss of a balance.And which cards does Ross advise leaving open?“Keep your oldest credit card open. A longer, positive credit history is beneficial to your score.“Don’t close a card with a high credit limit, especially if you have high balances on other cards or loans. Closing a card with a higher limit will negatively impact your credit utilization ratio, making it seem like your ratio is spiking.“If you do close a card, request a credit increase on another existing card to maintain a strong ratio.”Old cards are better than new cards, and secured cards can also help rebuild your credit.Another expert we spoke to echoed Ross’s advice about leaving open cards you’ve had for a while and offered some tips about trying out new cards:“Keep the credit cards you use and the cards you have held for a long time,” Janice Lintz, consumer writer and CEO of Hearing Access Innovations, told us. “A card that you have held for an extended time boosts your score. I was shortsighted and closed a card I held which was an error. But I will not shut a card I have held for 32 years since it boosts my score dramatically. “I regularly try and close cards that dont work for me. Some cards I dont think I will like and do and vice versa. I ‘date’ my credit cards to see if we can be in a long-term relationship. My score is in the high sevens to eights.”But what if you don’t have a credit score or any credit cards? Or you lost your credit cards for some reason?“After bankruptcy, all the credit card companies cancel the credit cards, so I tell my clients to open a secure credit card to start building a credit history and to improve their credit ratings,” explained attorney Arnold Hernandez.Hopefully, this has all helped you get a better understanding of how closing your credit cards can impact your credit. Now go forth, and may your credit be stronger than ever!To learn more about credit scores, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:5 Surprising Ways You Can Hurt Your Credit ScoreIs the Credit Blacklist a Real Thing or an Urban Myth?Can You Have Bad Credit Even With a Good Income?What other questions do you have about credit scores?  We want to hear from you!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsMichelle Black  (@MichelleLBlack)  is a credit expert and President at  www.HOPE4USA.com, a credit education program located in the Charlotte, NC area.Arnold Hernandez has been an attorney since 2000. He has represented consumers in many different areas of law. He has handled personal injury, wrongful death, unpaid overtime claims, and bankruptcy. He hs set goals to also represent individuals pro bono.Janice Lintz (@JaniceLintz) is also a consumer education/travel writer. Her work has been published in Forbes.com, Yahoo Travel, Huffington Post and Johnny Jet. She contributed twice to Wendy Perrin’s column in Condé Nast Traveler and is featured in Departures magazines marketing video. Janice has traveled to 106 UN countries and 147 Travelers Century Club destinations. She is also the CEO of  Hearing Access Innovation s.Katie Ross, joined the  American Consumer Credit Counseling, or ACCC, management team in 2002 and is currently responsible for organizing and implementing high-performance development initiatives designed to increase consumer financial awareness. Ms. Ross’s main focus is to conceptualize the creative strategic programming for ACCC’s client base and national base to ensure a maximum level of educational programs that support and cultivate ACCC’s organization.

Monkey and The Ramayana - Literature Essay Samples

In ancient Eastern society, written novels eventually rose to a prominent place in culture, following upon a long tradition of oral accounts and short works such as poetry. In addition, with strict government policy on content, many authors and poets feared punishment and so avoided political or religious critique in their work. However, satire provided a way to possibly mask critical intentions while still entertaining the audience of the time period. Monkey, a translation of Journey to the West by Arthur Waley, is a prime example of the emergence of satire in the form of a fictional narrative, and offers great insight into the lifestyle and traditions during the Ming Dynasty. Another Eastern piece of great regard is the Ramayana. Regarded as scripture, the Ramayana is considered one of the greatest works for its religious teachings and insight to the Hinduistic culture and lifestyle of the time period, of which is somewhat ambiguous, as oral accounts preceded the written. Alberson describes the Ramayana’s influence thus: â€Å"To one who would know India, written history offers very littleBut its literature, molded and shaped over centuries, gives us a far more intimate understanding of the guiding spirit of its peoples† (Alberson 323). Often, literature can be far more revealing of a culture than historical non-fiction accounts because of its carefully constructed themes and characters. Monkey and the Ramayana both offer entertainment, teachings, and insight to the cultural period through different uses of satire, conflict, and character development. Monkey, written by Wu Cheng-en and translated for western culture by Arthur Waley, is a fictional telling of the wild and humorous journey of a motley crew of individuals towards enlightenment, and works as a satire to critique both political and religious structures. As a satire, Wu Cheng-ens work is able to both critique and entertain. The need for satire is in this case possible prosecution, and more generally, as Fairclough aptly summarizes, â€Å"Men do not like to have their weaknesses exposed† (Fairclough 183). By use of animals as main characters, such as Monkey, Sandy, Pigsy, and Dragon, a barrier is created between the deeper themes, real criticism, and harmless entertainment. In a way, it lengthens the distance between any harshness, acting as a sort of buffer. Shep describes the character satire as â€Å"in making the rebel an animal, the Chinese can laugh at his antics without guilt, while subconsciously admiring his defiance of the powers that be† (Shep 1) . Monkey himself is a very likable protagonist, he is brave, loyal, and particularly humorous, acting as a source of comic relief. In short, comedy in satire, in Monkey, helps to diffuse tension in addition to entertaining the audience. Fairclough describes comedy in a special manner: â€Å"Comedy is an imitation of life† (Fairclough 183). Real life is not all drama, or all action; it is comedic a large portion of the time, whether recognized or not. This is why fictional narratives, such as Monkey, become so expressive of their time period. Pigsy, also, acts as a great source of comic relief in addition to a sort of criticism barrier as an animal. De Bary describes him thus: Wu Cheng-ens supreme comic creation is Pigsy, who symbolizes the gross sensual life in the absence of religious striving and mythical ambition. He is double comic, because as a reluctant pilgrim he has no calling whatever for the monastic life and because for all his monstrous size and strength he entert ains no ambition beyond a huge meal and good sleep with a woman in his arms (De Bary 171). Pigsy symbolizes gluttony and laziness, as Monkey does bravery and loyalty, and because of his comic nature readers have the opportunity both to be entertained and learn a lesson from Pigsy: don’t be a glutton! In addition to comical satire, Monkey also addresses some very real issues of politics. Through the characterization of the Jade Emperor, the ruler in Heaven, readers get some insight into the nature of class structure and government of the time period, the Ming Dynasty. When Monkey enters Heaven, he is given menial and somewhat demeaning jobs, such as a position as a stable worker, thus reflecting the unfairness of status advancement. Landsberger succinctly describes Heaven’s structure as â€Å"a bloated bureaucracy, crammed with innumerable officials with pompous titles, with a finger in every possible earthly activity† (Landsberger 1). Criticism of religion also occurs, as when Monkey is chastising the Buddhist prisoners, telling them they shouldve tried to save themselves; they should take action. Bantly expresses views on the often comic nature of this criticism with the statement, â€Å"The bewildering array of cultural lore—especially from the three major religious traditions of Chinais so diverse and boldly interwoven Thus any interpretation faces the danger of exaggerating the importance of these cultural and religious elements, only to discover that the author offered them in jest† (Bantly 1). Monkey is a satire, and so it’s assumed the reader will be entertained as well as taught. In addition, the satire of religion also offers accurate portrayal of the religion of the time period. Bradeen and Johnson explain that â€Å"This depiction accurately represents the lived religious experience of everyday Chinese, and provides a healthy antidote to the common perception of Chinese religious traditions as distinct, sometimes competing, often contradictory teachings† (Bradeen and Johnson 40). This insight is especially accurate as it reviews the way satire works to reveal the cultural standards and traditions of the period. Monkey, beyond entertaining its audience, teaches important values through its character interactions. Some examples include the Great King monster’s words to his perch sister: â€Å"A team of horses cannot overtake a word that has left the mouth† (Wu 266). In line with these words, you should be careful that what you say as it is permanent, a lesson which is apt for Monkey as his words get him into trouble as often as they get him out of trouble. This teaching is generally simple and straightforward, and so is able to reach a wide audience of readers. Another example, especially revealing of Confucian values, reads thus: â€Å"If a man has been your teacher for a day, you should treat him as your father for the rest of his life† (Wu 173). This example illustrates the Confucian teachings of the importance of education and respect, illustrated by Tripitaka in his obeying and listening of his protectors. Again, the message is simple, reaching most all readers. The values expressed in Monkey are a good reflection of the values found in the three religions of the Ming Dynasty culture, Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. The Ramayana also acts a reflection of the culture and values of its peoples through important teachings and portrayal of traditions. Because the Ramayana is regarded as scripture, it differs from Monkey in its cultural regard, yet is still very culturally reflective. In some cases, it’s even used as justification for events; for example, Pollock explains, Ramas cult blossomed only when Hindu kings found in the Ramayanas story of contesta parallel for their own struggle against Turkic political powerthe Rama cult grew during the twelfth century in direct response to the equation of Rama and Hindu kings as the protectors of the purity of the Hindu polity against foreigners (Pollock 261). Because of it’s scriptorial context, the narratives popularity is often attributed to its parallels of Hinduistic lifestyle. In addition, Sakalani analyzes its cultural reflection in the following manner: â€Å"It is not enough merely to say that the Ramayana and the Mahabharata are two great epics. They are also a history, though not of a particular time or period. They are the eternal history of India. Other historians have changed on the march of time but this history has not. These two epics embody what India cherishes as its ideals† (Sakalani 51). Some of the ideals that the Ramayana addresses are duty, honor, loyalty, and kindness. Duty is an important Hinduistic value, as it reflects an individuals commitment and faith. Rama is a prime example of many cherished traits, duty in particular. His impressive duty to country is illustrated in several instances, such as when he is willingly exiled. Bose describes his decision, and its meaning: â€Å"He values a promiseabove his own life, his brother, and even Sita herself. As always in the poem, solidarity with the representatives of the patriarchy and adherence to its contractual code are valorized above loyalties to generational and gender subordinates† (Bose 35). Duty to country and law is always valued over lesser obligations, and honor is dependent on this adherence to duty. Bose additionally emphasizes the importance of Rama’s decision: Surely the most complex and revealing debate around the issue of the potential conflict between personal loyalties and adherence to the abstract principles of truth and dharma is embodied in the series of emotional ly wrought conversations involving Rama, his brother Laksfimanfia, his mother Kausalya, and his wife SÄ ±ta concerning whether Rama should obey his father’s order that he be banished and if so, who should accompany him into exile (Bose 43). This experience of Rama choosing duty to the law over his own rights shows his awareness of the value of duty, or his impressive exhibition of â€Å"dharma.† Another example involves Indrajit, Ravana’s son, who leaves his family to work with Rama. Considered treason and treachery to family, normally his actions would not be considered an example of good. However, Indrajit is placed by Valmiki as in the right because he chose duty to his country; he knew his homeland would suffer greatly at the bad choices of his father and uncles. For the value and â€Å"dharma† of loyalty, Sita is a prime symbol. As reflective of the time period, women are subservient to the patriarchy and their role relies almost solely on this loyalty. Bose describes the situation in detail: First, a woman’s husband is her god, equal to no other. A woman does not need to worship anyone but him. A woman’s first duty is to give up her own self-interest and to be concerned only with what fosters her husband’s welfare That is the only self-denial required of a woman. A woman who is fully, in thoughts, words, and deeds, devoted to her husband does not need anyone else’s blessing, for even God himself is compelled to carry out her wishes (Bose 44). Bose succinctly relates the immense pressure on women to give themselves completely to their patriarchs, and the blessings they will receive from this loyalty. An example of Sita’s loyalty is her chastity during imprisonment by Ravana, despite threats of death, along with her willingness to prove her virtue by stepping into a raging fire. For Rama to believe her is not enough; she must fulfill her duty to her country. Her enduring loyalty and pain from being apart from Rama are described by her: â€Å"Blow O wind to where my loved one is. Touch him and come touch me soon. Ill feel his gentle touch through you and meet his beauty in the moon. These things are much for the one who loves†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Valmiki). As demonstrated by these lines, Sita gives herself completely to Rama, as was ideal for women. Bose describes her as â€Å"The crucial boundary that makes her Sita is her loyalty to Rama and the moral power that comes from it† (Bose 235). This description clarifies the vision of the power that women receive through their loyalty, and indicates how Sita embodies this value. Another representative character is Hamana, who embodies loyalty as well. Bose describes Humanas goodness: â€Å"He is loyal and brave and always full of good ideas about solving problems He also lightens the story’s mood. Even when he is engaged in battles and business on Phra Rams behalf, his playful monkey nature shows through, and he is always ready to woo a beautiful lady of almost any ancestry, and he rarely fails† (Bose 347). Hamana acts as a symbol of loyalty, but in addition his comical nature adds entertainment and engagement to the story, much as the Monkey King and Pigsy operate in Monkey. Besides teaching important character traits and lessons, the Ramayana also engages as an entertaining piece through characters such as Hamana, and its dramatic plot. With tales of war and love and magic it engages all audiences. Like Monkey, the Ramayana is written in generally simple language and structure, in order to reach a wide audience. Although Monkey may be designed to voice social critiques, and the Ramayana to instruct as scripture, they find commonality in their entertaining qualities, which perhaps strengthens both their messages. Sakalani says of the influence of the Ramayana that â€Å"the appeal of the Ramayana has been deeper than that of the Mahabharata, the main reason being that the Ramayana is a homogeneous text, with a simple and straightforward story† (Sakalani 51). It is the simplicity of plot and themes that helps makes the Ramayana so engaging, and so enduring in history. With Monkey and the Ramayana, cultural values and characteristics are revealed through varying uses. In Monkey, satire is the focus, as the text relays and pleasantly mocks issues in politics and religion through comedy and character development. In the Ramayana, scriptural messages teach important themes and strong characters act as examples for modes of conduct. Both, however, engage audiences with insightful uses of plot and even comedy in order to maintain their status as historical classics. Works Cited Alberson, Hazel Stewart. â€Å"The Significance of World Literature Today†. College English 7.6 (1946): 323–326. Web.Bantly, Francisca Cho. â€Å"Buddhist Allegory in the Journey to the West†. The Journal of Asian Studies 48:3 (1989): 512-524. Web.Bradeen, Ryan, and Jean Johnson. Using Monkey to Teach Religions of China. Education About Asia 10.2 (2005): Web. Bose, Mandakranta. The Ramayana Revisited. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Web.de Bary, Wm. Theodore, ed.. Finding Wisdom in East Asian Classics. Ed. Wm. Theodore de Bary. Columbia University Press, 2011. Web.Fairclough, H. Rushton. â€Å"Horaces View of the Relations Between Satire and Comedy†.The American Journal of Philology 34.2 (1913): 183–193. Web.Pollock, Sheldon. â€Å"Ramayana and Political Imagination in India†. The Journal of Asian Studies 52.2 (1993): 261–297. Web.Sakalani, Dinesh. Questioning the Questioning of Ramayanas. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Res earch Institute 85 (2004): 51-65. WebShepard, Aaron. The Monkey King: A Superhero Tale of China. N.p.: Skyhook, 2008. Web. Valmiki. Ramayana. M.A.: Manmatha Nath Dutt. Holy Books. 31 July 2011. Web.

Gender Roles In Chuck Palahniuk And David Finchers Fight...

In today’s society, there is confusion regarding sex, gender, and gender roles. Sex is referring to the biological differences between males and females; whereas gender refers to the normative behaviors of males and females. Gender roles are roles defined by society for each sex. With the world changing, traditional gender roles are being defied. Males are â€Å"acting† and â€Å"dressing† like females, and vice versa. This utter disregard to traditional gender roles has spun our society into a tizzy. In Fight Club, Chuck Palahniuk and David Fincher have focused on the promotion of traditional gender roles and masculinity, as well as clearly defining appropriate behaviors and appearances for men. The traditional gender role of a male is†¦show more content†¦Ultimately, if men do not endure pain, they cannot showcase that they are tough. Thus, never obtaining their dominance and power. Throughout the book and film, there was a clear promotion of masculini ty. The reinforcing of the traditional male gender role is a promotion of masculinity in itself. The Assault Committee is another promotion of masculinity. It is a male only committee, with the objective of helping men regain and maintain their mascininity. Tyler explains, â€Å"What we have to do, people [...] is remind these guys what kind of power they still have† (Palahniuk 120). Tyler has created this committee to demonstrate each members commitment to their gender role and masculinity. They go around displaying their masculinity by picking fights with strangers, and glorifying each other when they do not get caught, but punishing each other when they do. Through allowing the strangers to win, the committee is giving them their masculinity and power back, in the hopes the strangers will join the committee. Another promotion of masculinity is the discussion of bodybuilding. Bodybuilding is a sport that promotes masculinity. Bodybuilders train to become as masculine and as defined as they physical can. Big Bob explains the lifestyle as, â€Å"better than real life† (Palahniuk 22). Big Bob wanted to become so masculine, that he took steroids to do it. These steroids resulted in the development of testicular cancer.Show MoreRelatedMasculinity in Chuck Palahniuks Work7062 Words   |  29 Pagesthis array of comfort and leisure we are inclined to believe that male lifestyle has reached its peak on the timeline of satisfaction. This was until David Fincher took Chuck Palahniuk’s novel Fight Club and made it into a big budget Hollywood blockbuster. With the male demographic being the hardest to pinpoint in the literature sense, David Fincher’s adaptation helpfully put Palahniuk’s thoughts into the cinematic forefront. This increased the popularity of Palahniuk’s other works and placed him

Feminism Of Domestic Violence, By Jennifer Nixon And Cathy...

The intersectionality of women’s health issues such as domestic violence overlaps this problematic worldwide situation and connects vastly across cultures and continents, as domestic violence does not discriminate against women--people do. In the peer-reviewed academic design study article, â€Å"Intersectionality and Framing Domestic Violence†, Jennifer Nixon and Cathy Humphreys investigates intersectionality of feminist framing of domestic violence, and hypothesize a feminist theory specifically aimed at issues of violence against women. Nixon and Humphreys postulate that â€Å"deconstruction, not to cause harm on feminist activism has made ideological, material, and political gains for survivors of domestic violence† (Nixon and Humphreys 138). Additionally, they establish meaning that domestic violence is extensive, oppresses women, and is multi-cultural and the economic segments require revision. Subsequently, recommending that need to re-frame domestic viol ence should be a concentration on intersectionality, with its focus on the overlapping repetitions of gender, race, and ethnicity, class, disability, and sexuality. As the empirical results are constantly fluctuating, incorporating inclusions of updated results are vital, especially to include intersectionality which comprises the larger overlapping inclusion of the violence against women movement. In fact, Portwood and Finkel Heany’s (2007) peer-reviewed design study, â€Å"Responding to Violence Against Women: Social Science

Whatever They Told You About Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History Is Dead Wrong...And Heres Why

Whatever They Told You About Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why If there wasn't any medical answer, then the individual would die. Nobody else can write your private history the way you are able to. If it's possible to write a book, and achieve your target, then you've come to be a more interesting and accomplished person in the procedure. Therefore the goal must be expressed with a very clear expectation of the time in your life the moment it happens. No matter the sort of mistakes you make, you're a success. No matter the quantity of time needed to finish, you're a success. Get people interested in what you need to say, and they'll be more interested in buying your book. If you like writing, and you believe you've got an idea that people are likely to be considering reading about, maybe it's time for you to think about writing, publishing, and selling your own e-books for profit. Most individuals do from time to time. If you are in need of a community of people to talk about your ideas with, there are groups online and locally you're able to join. Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History Help! Although writing a critique term paper may give you a tough time as it really isn't the presentation of private expression but needs a comprehensive research of the topic you've picked. An essay is the simplest type of academic writing. Buying a pre-written essay is ridiculous and you want to never will need to do that. Writing an essay for history isn't necessarily the exact same as it could be for an English. After you get some ideas down on paper, you could be surprised by what you need to say about a subject. Once you have a topic, you've got to make a determination best buy essay regarding what way you have to approach it. The topic chosen for the purpose needs to be attractive in the perspective of several readers. The genuine writing is just a little portion of. After all, the very last thing you wish to do is publish a book which is filled with mistakes that might have easily been corrected. Learn which blog articles you're clicking, what all stuff you're reading for hours without knowing. There are a lot of good and bad examples out there on what things to write and the way to tell a story. A History essay is a part of written work in response to a specific question or. You may not understand how to commence an argumentative essay. If you wish to compose a really intriguing history essay, be certain to pick a superior topic. Now, it has become rather hard to discover affordable history essays and papers online. It is possible to also record your thoughts and thoughts as audio files. Many titles for the content Alternative titles for a specific content may help you focus the content in far better way. The toughest part is always just getting what you wish to say back on paper. Our cheap custom made essay wide selection of cheap always. A goal you hate the idea of doing isn't really a goal, it's a have to do. The problem I seem to be facing is that I have begun to think that what I do to aid others really won't help reduce the suffering of my fellow man. A Secret Weapon for Topics to Write a Personal Essay about History On the website, there's a section titled All About Me. Your title ought to be creative, as it ought to stick out among thousands and thousands of different titles. Developing a record of milestones is much like keeping a journal, except it has an inclination to be added to less frequently. My Family History Family history is essential to a person.

Essay on Parkinson Disease (PD) - 2171 Words

Introduction Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized mainly by physical and psychological disabilities. This disorder was named after James Parkinson, an English physician who first described it as shaking palsy in 1817 (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). Jean- Martin Charcot, who was a French neurologist, then progressed and further refined the description of the disease and identified other clinical features of PD (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). PD involves the loss of cells that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine in a part of the brain stem called the substansia nigra, which results in several signs and symptoms (Byrd, Marks, and Starr, 2000). It is manifested clinically by tremor,†¦show more content†¦Although many theories and hypotheses were raised as to why this happens, there is no solid information supporting the physiological cause of this, but it is surely one of various factors that may lead to the development of PD. Neuroanatomy of the Basal Ganglia It has been known that PD is a disorder affecting the basal ganglia. The term basal ganglia is generally applied to a collection of nuclei situated deep within the cerebral hemispheres, lying laterally to the thalamus (Gazzeniga, George, and Mangun, 2008). The basal ganglia are important subcortical structures. They are composed of five nuclei: caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra. These nuclei are not thought of a single anatomical entity; rather, they form a functional unity whose contribution is greatly to motor control. Interestingly, this system does not influence movement through spinal cord pathways, but rather acts as part of a feedback loop to all areas of the cerebral cortex, with primary input into motor areas (Aird, 2000). A number of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters are what control this whole process, and a balance of both is required to ensure that smooth, purposeful movement takes pla ce. In order to understand the pathways of which the basal ganglia take part in, it is essential to know the input and output connections of the basal ganglia. The inputShow MoreRelatedParkinson Disease ( Pd )1350 Words   |  6 Pages Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurologic disorders. and it affects approximately 1% of individuals older than 60 years old. Parkinson’s disease is a condition that progresses slowly by treatment. In addition, loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the substantianigra pars compacta and the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewyneurites are the two major neuropathologic findings in Parkinson disease (Hauser, 2016). The cause of Parkinson disease, defined by Robert Hauser, who isRead MoreParkinson Disease ( Pd )929 Words   |  4 PagesParkinson Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease symptomized by tremor, muscular rigidity, and slow imprecise movements. Typically, the disease affects middle-aged and elderly individuals. PD is associated with degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain causing a deficiency of the neurotransmission of dopamine. (1). Given what you know about the members of the family, analyze and comment on the potential effects this condition/illness might have on them. Since Mr. Olsen (Frederic) hasRead MoreParkinson s Disease ( Pd )1361 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is progressive, incurable and debilitating. The disease is caused by a loss of dopamine producing neurons in the brainstem which leads primarily to motor deficits. In Australia, 1 in 350 people live with PD and the prevalence is quickly growing (Parkinson s Queensland, 2014). While most of the people diagnosed with PD are over 65 years old, people as young as 30 can develop the condition (Parkinson s Queensland, 2014). Currently, thereRead MoreThe Parkinson s Disease ( Pd )1058 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Parkinson s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer s disease (Lang and Lozano, 1998). It affects about 1% of the population with different ethnic backgrounds throughout the world over the age of 65 (Tanner and Goldman, 1996). The aetiology of Parkinson s disease is not well understood; however, genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role (Checkoway and Nelson, 1999). Pathologically, PD is characterised by mitochondrialRead MoreAnalysis Of Parkinson s Disease ( Pd )725 Words   |  3 Pages Introduction Parkinson s disease (PD) is the second world s major neurological disease (Laut Breteler, 2006) affecting 6 million people globally (Schapira, 1999). PD is a progressive and long term disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) activity with the following traits including bradykinesia, rigorousness, involuntary muscular contraction and unstable postural alignment (O Sullivan Schmitz, 2007). Basal ganglia are located in the CNS have large nerve fibers and neurotransmittersRead MoreAnalysis Of Parkinson s Disease ( Pd )1890 Words   |  8 Pagesthe salient characteristics associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are most commonly linked to motor deficits, including tremor and rigidity, a majority of individuals with PD also experience a variety of sensorimotor speech deficits. While listeners often describe the speech of individuals with PD as unnatural or unintelligible, reflecting many of the phonatory, articulatory, and prosodic deficits linked to the disorder, in dividuals with PD tend to minimize or even deny their speech differencesRead MoreParkinson s Disease ( Pd )1326 Words   |  6 Pages Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases, falling second to Alzheimer’s disease. It is stated that there are roughly 5 million individuals worldwide and 1 million individuals in the U.S. that suffer from PD. PD arises from the lack of dopamine in the brain along with the degradation of dopaminergic neurons, particularly in the substantia nigra pars compacta.1 The degradation of the dopamine neurons increases the number of free radicals in the substantia nigraRead MoreParkinson s Disease ( Pd )822 Words   |  4 PagesParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by aberrant ÃŽ ±-synuclein aggregates within neurons causing damage or neuronal death in different regions of the brain with most disease development occurring in the substantia nigra (NIH.PARK). ÃŽ ±-synuc lein positive Lewy bodies are another hallmark of PD development (NIH.PARK). Damage or death of neurons leads to a decrease in dopamine production which is required for smooth control of muscle movement (NIH.PARK2, NIH.PARK). ClinicallyRead MoreParkinson s Disease ( Pd )951 Words   |  4 PagesParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative debilitating movement disease which gets worse over time (Medscape, 2015). After much research and study no known cause has yet been determined and experts have hypothesized that it is a mix of inherited and environmental factors (Medscape, 2015). However, regardless of the unspecific cause, it is characterized by a significant loss in dopamine transportation to the basal ganglia which manifests itself in the three following physiologic signs: restingRead MoreEarly Parkinson s Disease ( Pd ) Through The Characteristics Of Finger Movement During Typing Essay5181 Words   |  21 Pagesresearch into detecting early Parkinson’s Disea se (PD) through the characteristics of finger movement during typing. It begins with a discussion of PD and its symptoms, and then provides an overview of the current and emerging diagnostic strategies for early detection of the disease, with particular emphasis on those involving human-computer interaction (HCI) and the relationship with keystroke biometrics. The scope of the review is to focus on the motor symptoms of PD, rather than the causes, pathogenesis

International human resource management Free Essays

Introduction Nowadays, most companies have been expanding internationally, many positions have to be filled which range from entry level positions to those of senior management. As more companies go global, the need for the transfer of skills and knowledge becomes essential if the company is to succeed internationally. To ensure that the subsidiary’s goals, practices and strategies are in line with the parent company, it is necessary to have senior management filled by qualified individuals capable of leading the new, inexperienced team and steering it in the right direction. We will write a custom essay sample on International human resource management or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, to ensure that the subsidiary inherits the culture and practices from the parent company, managers from the parent company might be deployed to fill senior management positions at the subsidiary. However, other positions at the subsidiary might be filled by personnel from local countries rather than the parent or host country. Personnel who do not hail from the host country are defined as expatriates. While recruiting the expertise of the expatriates might be advantageous, they bring a unique set of problems which need to be dealt with to ensure their efficiency. Although there are disadvantages associated with employing expatriates, there are measures that companies can adopt to ensure that the impact of these problems would be decreased. Advantages of Expatriates Expertise and Skills Employing the expertise of expatriates can help a company accelerate the development of its subsidiary or return it to profitability. The skills that they already possess will enable the expatriates to pass on their knowledge and skills to their subordinates and train them in the relevant skills and knowledge. When expatriates are selected for foreign assignments, they have to be chosen based on their skill levels and their ability to adapt. Therefore, when they pass their knowledge and skills to the employees at the subsidiary, the company is able to expand successfully. Despite having a successful 20 year run in Japan, a subsidiary company’s business volumes had decreased, causing its profit levels to dip. HTM Corporation concluded that this situation required the use of expatriates with high levels of technical and communication skills to return the business to its profitable level (HTM Corporation, 2009). As seen in this case, the expertise of expatriates is able to help c ompanies, previously profitable without expatriates, return to those levels as they have sufficient skills. Expatriates are able to bring lot of experience to the subsidiary company because the unique experiences may enable them to help the company succeed through innovation and creativity (Radio New Zealand International, 2009). Expatriates are also able to fill vacancies when the host country nationals do not have the relevant skills or expertise (Pacific Bridge Inc, 2009). This is an alternative to providing on-the job training for the locals. Company Culture and Practices Passed Down Easily The parent company culture and relevant practices and procedures can be passed down quickly if training of the local employees is conducted by expatriates from the parent company. The ideals, vision and mission of the parent company can be demonstrated through the expatriate. If the expatriate embodies these principles of the company, the culture and practices of the parent company can be transferred to the subsidiary quickly and effectively. Disadvantages of expatriates High Costs Although Employing expatriates are beneficial to a company, it is an expensive process. Relocating an expatriate with a family which can be time consuming and costly to the company. For instance, hiring an expatriate to work in China can cost as much as five times of hiring a local. This is due to the package that the expatriate is to receive as compensation. This compensation and benefits package usually consists of a hardship allowance, housing, insurance, tax and home leave, amongst other benefits. The compensation and benefits package is usually attractive to expatriates as a form of financial advancement. This makes the move to the subsidiary company and country attractive. To ensure that it is attractive enough to entice the highly skilled and experienced personnel, the compensation and benefits package has to result in a higher standard of living or the promise of career advancement. The company has to support its high costs, while the expatriate benefits from this package. Other than the compensation and benefits that the expatriate receives, the parent company also has to invest time, money and effort into pre-departure training and incur other costs such as sending the potential expatriate on a trip to assess the location. Hence, there will be a loss of man-hours. As a result of the high costs involved, it is substantial that the expatriate is well prepared for the move. This will reduce the likelihood of expatriate failure which will incur more costs. Discontent among Locals Due to highly trained, educated and skilled expatriates joining the new subsidiary, locals might be discontented when they feel that their opportunities are being taken away. Local mid-level managers might feel that they do not have the opportunity to advance in their careers. This would encourage the talent to leave the company in order to get promote. Consequently, staff turnover might rise because of expatriates holding all the senior positions in the company. This discontent among the locals could be damaging to the subsidiary company. If the company acquires a reputation for poor career advancement opportunities, talented locals are unlikely to pursue a career in that company. Therefore, the company should utilise expatriates while it is in its initial phase but train local managers to succeed the expatriate. Adapting to the New Environment Utilising expatriates to fill key positions is a risky task because of moving an expatriate and the family requires time and effort. An expatriate with children and a working spouse might be concerned about whether the spouse and children will be able to integrate into the local environment easily. To ensure ease of integration, the expatriate must be flexible and open-minded. The company also has to prepare the expatriate for the move to the new country. Expatriates, unfamiliar with the local environment and location, require more time to adapt to their new life. As a result of this unfamiliarity, the expatriate is likely to be less efficient and productive for an initial period. With low productivity, the profits of the company might decrease. Therefore, to reduce the impact of low productivity as a result of adjusting to their new life, expatriates should receive well-structured pre-departure training, preparing them on what they are to expect in the subsidiary company and country. Also, expatriates should be hired on the basis of their ability and willingness to adapt to new environments. Alternatively, they should be allowed a period of time to settle into the new country before starting work. Bibliography HTM Corporation, (2009). Expatriates in Tokyo, Japan – Outsourcing by HTM. Retrieved on 11th March 2011 from http://www.htm.co.jp/Astrategicallyusingexpacts.htm Pacific Bridge Inc., (2009). Asia – Compensation, Hiring and Retaining Employees in South East Asia. Retrieved on 11th March 2011 from http://www.pacificbridge.com/publication.asp?id=58 Pacific Bridge Inc., (2002). Asian HR eNewsletter, Retrieved on 11th March 2011 from http://www.pacificbridge.com/newslettervol.asp?vol=2no=7 Radio New Zealand International, (2009). Samoa’s Prime Minister Defends Hiring Expatriates for SamoaTel. Retrieved on 12th March 2011 from http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=readid=46480 Tripod, (n.d.). Use of Expatriates, Retrieved on 12th May 2011 from http://members.tripod.com/cometonada/HRM.htm How to cite International human resource management, Essay examples International Human Resource Management Free Essays IHRM concerns the extent to which the core tasks change when HRM is practiced across national boundaries. On this basis, Morgan (1986) presents a model of IHRM based on the interplay between human resource tasks or activities, the national or country categories involved in HRM and the categories of employees in an international firm: †¢ the tasks of HRM (human resource planning, etc. ) †¢ national/country categories involved in HRM tasks: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on International Human Resource Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now the host country where a subsidiary may be located 2. the home country where the firm is headquartered 3. other’ countries that may be the source of labour, finance and other inputs †¢ categories of employees of an international firm: 1. host-country nationals 2. parent-country nationals 3. third-country nationals. In this model, internationalisation adds layers of complexity to the task of HRM within a particular firm. Based on the work of Perlmutter MNCs then face three strategic choices to cope with this complexity: * ethnocentric, * polycentric and * global/geocentric An ethnocentric strategy is where a company uses the same HR practices overseas as it does at home.By contrast, a polycentric strategy involves a company following local HR practice in its overseas operations. A global strategy is where a company attempts to implement common HRM policies for all its overseas operations . Of course, this implies an element of choice for senior managers and the reality is that hybrid strategies will emerge. Torrington et al. (2005: 695) argue that International HRM is also concerned with decentralisation: As an organisation increases its international activities, it inevitably steps up the degree of decentralisation, but internationalisation is not simply a form of decentralisation.It is the most complex form of decentralizing operations and involves types of difference – language, culture, economic and political systems, legislative frameworks, management styles and conventions – that are not found in organisational growth and diversification that stay within national boundaries. How the international HR manager identifies and copes with these ‘types of difference’ will be the subject of this course.A final point about international HRM is that MNCs will also wish to use HRM policies as mechanisms for the central coordination and control of international operations, in addition to shaping the organisational culture. (Myloni 2002: 182). Inevitably, there are a number of models of International HRM that attempt to explain how the strategic objectives of the organisation are balanced with local employee needs and values . In that case, it is perhaps more useful for managers to focus on specific HR policies and practices within the context of international organisations.Armstrong (2001) identifies the following: †¢ Employment policies – possible approaches: †¢ fill all key positions with parent country nationals †¢ appoint home country nationals †¢ appoint the best people regardless of nationality. †¢ Recruitment and Selection – for international assignments, look for: †¢ competency – technical, language skills, motivation etc. †¢ previous overseas experience †¢ evidence that the person shares the values of the culture in which he or she might work – ‘culture adaptability assessments’ †¢ family circumstances – both the person and spouse/partner adaptable to working overseas. Career Planning – requires tailoring to further the international perspective of the organisation. †¢ International Employee Development – the aim is to enable people to become more effective in their present job in an overseas location; account will need to be taken of cultural factors (in terms of how development programmes are delivered), and the extent to which there is central direction of programmes from the organisation, although they may be delivered locally.Human resource management (HRM) refers to the activities an organization carries out to utilize its human resources effectively These activities include: * determining the firm’s human resource strategy * staffing * performance evaluation * management development * compensation * labor relationsHRM can help the firm reduce the costs of value creation and add value by better serving customer needs HRM is more complex in an international business b ecause of differences between countries in labor markets, culture, legal systems, economic systems, and so on HRM must also determine when to use expatriate managers (citizens of one country working abroad), who should be sent on foreign assignments, how they should be compensated, how they should be trained, and how they should be reoriented when they return home Firms need to ensure there is a fit between their human resources practices and strategy In order to carry out a strategy effectively, employees need the right training, an appropriate compensation package, and a good performance appraisal system. How to cite International Human Resource Management, Papers International Human Resource Management Free Essays string(144) " network society has changed the way businesses operate; whereby almost every part of an organisation is controlled by some sort of technology\." INTRODUCTION The essay will be focused on discussing the Network Society as a new type of Social Structure or Organization of the Information Age. I will be using Castell’s theory on The Information Age to explain how the Network Society affects culture, individuals, institutions and various societies around the world.I will also touch on the Power of Identity, what it entails and its connection to various individuals in the global business environment†¦ After this I will talk about cross cultural management, its challenges and how it is implied in the business environment, analyzing the impact the theory of the Information Age has on this type of management and its challenges. We will write a custom essay sample on International Human Resource Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will also discuss the critiques of other theorists to this Castell’s theory and conclude with the negative impact of globalization and the need for cross cultural management in organizations. First and foremost I will touch on a relevant theory of globalization that relates to the Information Age and Cross Cultural Management. THEORY OF GLOBALIZATION There are various theorists, who have given their opinions and views on the theory of globalisation. I am going to phrase a few of them and focus on only one of these theories for the purpose of this essay. â€Å"Anthony Giddens (1990: 64) ‘the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa’. â€Å" â€Å"Globalization refers to â€Å"the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole† (R. Robertson, Globalization, 1992: 8).† Robertson sees the globalisation theory as the coming together of the world as a single entity through a set of global ideas and putting aside the distinctiveness of cultural, societal and ethnic differences to be used in the home environments and during academic discussions â€Å"From the social theory perspective, globalization involves the flows of commodities, capital, technology, ideas, forms of culture and people across national boundaries via a global networked society â€Å"(Castell’s, 1996, 1997, 1998). â€Å"The transmutations of technology and capital, work together to create a new globalized and interconnected world. â€Å"(Castell’s, 1998) Manuel Castell is the theorist that I will be focusing on in this essay. He talks about the theory of the network society, which is an information based society where everyone and everything is connected through digital networks. The networks are the people who control or rule the network society; they are the elites of the society who have the upper hand, are more knowledgeable and have power over the excluded individuals. â€Å"A network society is a society whose social structure is made of networks powered by microelectronics-based information and communication technologies.† (Castell’s, 1996) â€Å"The Net stands for the new organizational formations based on the pervasive use of networked communication media. Network patterns are characteristic for the most advanced economic sectors, highly competitive corporations as well as for communities and social movements. â€Å"(Castell’s, 1996) The Network Society is an emerging social society or structure whose communications rely on digital networks. A digital network being global means that a society running on them would be a global society i.e. The Network Society is a Global Society. The Network Society came about as a result of the ever changing society which occurred due to the dramatic changes in technology which are controlled by the networks. Castell explains that although everyone is affected by this society, it doesn’t mean that everyone is included in it. People who aren’t part of it try to defend themselves from it. He cites the reason for everyone being affected by these networks as the fact that all central activities that manipulate and form human life around the world are being organised by global networks. The Network Society works on an Inclusion/Exclusion basis; this is a feature of it and while it searches for important add-ons that will benefit the network, it will also bypass any activity, territory or person that will not contribute to the goals or tasks assigned to the network. Part of Castell’s assumptions is the fact that under the network society, there is no class among individuals in our society and that the powers now lie in the hands of the networks. With the network society, there becomes a need for individuals to affirm their identity; this is known as the power of identity. People tend to search for their identities in order to give their lives a source of social meaning. This is a reaction got mostly from the individuals who have been excluded from the network society. Castell realised two types of reactions from these people. They either make up their own networks or exclude the networks from their lives. This power of identity is also known as the Self. â€Å"The Self symbolizes the activities through which people try to reaffirm their identities under the conditions of structural change and instability that go along with the organization of core social and economic activities into dynamic networks.† (Castell’s, 1996) CROSS CULTURAL MANAGEMENT AND CASTELLS THEORY WHAT IS CROSS CULTURAL MANAGEMENT? CROSS CULTURAL MANAGEMENT â€Å"†¦is a system designed to train people in the global business about the variations of cultures, practices and preferences of consumers around the globe. It poses as a challenge for companies who participate in the global market. As time passes by, the diversity in culture, practices and preferences significantly increases, and so is the need for cross-cultural management, to be able to bridge the communication gaps for every culture.â€Å"Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. Cross Cultural Management is the examination or assessment of the human behaviour from an international perspective. With cross cultural management, managers are aware of the different cultures that exist in different industries in different parts of the world. It realises and tries to manage these different human behaviours, culture and communication issues so as to bring people together without any disputes or problems. This information age has brought about the rise of technology and the use of the internet. This network society has changed the way businesses operate; whereby almost every part of an organisation is controlled by some sort of technology. You read "International Human Resource Management" in category "Essay examples" Most jobs are now done through the internet by some e-commerce organisation, which in turn reduces the number of physical labour needed. With the rise of the global society, cross cultural management is becoming more essential for global companies to be successful with their employees as well as their consumers. It is needed to tackle the challenges that any global business might face in relation to culture and human behaviour. In order to tackle some of challenges brought about by these changes in regard to culture and human behaviour cross cultural management is essential. Some Cross Cultural Challenges that could occur are:- Mixed cultures and languages brought about by globalisation The recent growth and need of the internet as a part of management and easy processing The increasing need for a knowledge worker in knowledge driven organisations The increasing need for flexible workers and jobs There are many more challenges but the network society being a global society has helped to deal with some of these problems. Due to the compression of time and space, companies find it easier to employ the people that will be relevant for the required jobs. Also with the individualisation of labour and the growing flexibility of workers, they are able to adapt and adjust to the growing temporality of jobs. Companies now have the option to choose either part time workers and pay them for the hours worked rather than employing full time workers who are expensive and are not required most of the time. Castell talks about the network society sourcing valuable add-ons that can contribute to the goals and objectives of the network to integrate into its system and excluding those it has no need for who he says make up the ‘irrelevant planet’, this feature of the network society has contribute to some modern business challenges where there is the need for knowledgeable workers. He says that the work process is a globally integrated but labour has become individualised and therefore has no class again as ultimate power goes to those that are in charge of the networks and determine what happens in it. But his theory also says that labour is divided into two; the self programmable and generic labour. The former is skilled and flexible with the ability to learn new things, processes, tasks are able to adapt to change and are knowledgeable while the latter is unskilled and can be easily exchanged or disposed of. There are many critiques towards Castell’s theoretical assumptions. Many theorists believe that our society is still divided into classes and are against the faceless capitalism which Castell talked about. Theorists like Webster and Garnham believe that the network society is not a new type of social structure or system, and that it has been in existence over time. They argue that this network society is a gradual development of the former industrial society and is not completely a new one. They also argue that the society is still in the hands of the capitalists, as they are still the elites who have access to technology and education, and the members of this capitalist group are heading companies in the top managerial positions. The people in this positions are who Castell says are in charge of the networks so therefore the capitalists still matter in the society. It is also difficult to accept his grouping of labour, as the people in the groups do not share the same values or interests. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS However globalisation can sometimes lead to the exploitation of workers in some third world countries that offer cheap labour. Many of these workers are paid less than the normal UK or US standard of payment, making the big international companies exploit them, and some of them do not offer job security or workers rights. With this network society business do not consider the interests of their workers and are more interested in the opportunities and goals of the networks and look for people that they can integrate that will contribute to their goals. They pay less attention to cross cultural management. This is not advisable to do because in order to be successful as a global company, they need to understand the cultures and practices of the countries they move into. They need to work on integrating the local workers, consumers and culture with their own organisational culture in order to be successful in that country LIST OF REFERENCES Castells, M. (2000).The Rise of the Network Society, Second Edition. U.S.: Blackwell Publishing Castells, M. (1996, second edition, 2000). The Rise of the Network Society, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. I. Cambridge, MA; Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Castells, M. (1997, second edition, 2004). The Power of Identity, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. II. Cambridge, MA; Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Castells, M. (1998, second edition, 2000). End of Millennium, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. III. Cambridge, MA; Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Webster, F. (2002). Theories of the Information Society. U.S.: Routledge Garnham, N. (2001). Contribution to a Political Economy of Mass-Communication. In M.G. Durnham D.M. Kellner (Eds.), Media and Cultural Studies (pp. 225-252). U.S.: Blackwell Publishing. Manuel Castells , ‘An Introduction to the Information age’ City 2: 7, 6-16 Castells, M. (2000). Materials for an exploratory theory of the network society. British Journal of Sociology Vol. No. 51 Issue No. 1 (January /March 2000) pp. 5–24 Giddens, A. (1990). The Consequences of Modernity, Cambridge and Oxford: Polity and Blackwell. Kiely, Ray, 1964–The clash of globalisations: neo-liberalism, the third way, and anti-globalisation/by Ray Kiely. p. cm. -(Historical materialism book series, ISSN 1570–1522; v. 8) R. Robertson, Globalization (London: Sage, 1992) The network society: a cross-cultural perspective / edited by Manuel Castells. p. cm. Castells, M. 1983. The City and the Grassroots: A Cross-cultural Theory of Urban Social Movements. Berkeley: University of California Press. http://cross-cultural-management.bestmanagementarticles.com/ How to cite International Human Resource Management, Essay examples

Ideal Renaissance Man Essay Example For Students

Ideal Renaissance Man Essay Hum Renaissance and Baroque April 16, 2013 The Ideal Renaissance Man or Woman An ideal renaissance man or woman in the fourteenth and fifteenth century, a time when people aspired to be skilled in numerous areas and humanistic education was customary, meant you would have to stand out from the rest. Pico Della Miranda theories in Oration on the Dignity of Man sum up the ideal Renaissance man. He proclaimed that individuals face no limits to their development except those that are self-imposed (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia). In theory only one can hinder their win success. The ideal renaissance man had a broad base in knowledge or was highly skilled in the arts, music or literature. Some lived up to being ideal Just because they were bold or unique. The ideal renaissance man was respected by his peers and his knowledge and abilities were often required by the patrons of this era. Ingeniously, some individuals happened to be masters of art, engineering, and even anatomy all at the same time. Mostly men, renaissance contributors did not normally encourage women to participate during this time. Women were encouraged to fit the refill of wives and mothers and their political rights at this point were still kind of limited. Nevertheless, there were many that fit the description of an ideal renaissance women. One unique women of this time was Laura Cerate. A writer who struggled with heavy criticism from her cohorts because of her scholarly pursuits. In response to both the men and women who were Judgmental of her, Laura wrote two letters that were penned to answer both critics: a defense of learning aimed at male humanists and a defense of her vocation directed toward her female critics (Cunningham 289). Laurels heated verbiage in these letters won her great recognition and respect. In describing an ideal renaissance man Leonardo Deviance owned up to that title for his many achievements. He donated to us many chemical theories, the air balloon, the telescope, and trigonometry. He was a plethora of knowledge. He was also recognized for his many works of art known all around the world today, The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper for example. He was diverse in his thinking and saw many of his ideas through. He was a living example and true to Leon Liberties (1404-72) quote: that men can do all things if they will. The Renaissance is understood as a historical era of cultural movements. Its contributors are termed Ideal Renaissance Men and Women for making it possible. Even so, they continued to pursue more knowledge and abilities. For this, they were ideal renaissance people of their time. Cunningham and Reich. Culture and Values . 3. Ohio: Coinage Learning, 2009. Print. Giovanni Pico Della Miranda, Content. Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2013): 1. Academic Search Complete. Web. 15 Par. 2013. What Is a Renaissance Man? Weeklies. N. P. , n. D. Web. 26 Feb.. 2013.

The Homeric Honor Code free essay sample

A paper discussing male codes of honor in ancient Greece using Homers Iliad and Hesiods Works and Days. This paper discusses male honor codes in ancient Greek society, focusing on seven areas prowess in battle, to be able to speak eloquently and convincingly, to honor duty to family and townspeople, to be kind to supplicants, to honor the gods, to be loyal to friends and fellow soldiers and to be recognized as an honorable warrior both through material and non-material acknowledgment. We will write a custom essay sample on The Homeric Honor Code or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The code of honor that the warriors of the Illiad lived by was complex and oftentimes contradictory. The rules of male honor in the Greek society portrayed in the poem required a man to have prowess in battle, to be able to speak eloquently and convincingly, to honor his duty to his family and townspeople, to be kind to supplicants, to honor the gods, to be loyal to friends and fellow soldiers and to be recognized as an honorable warrior both through material and non-material acknowledgment. These seven characteristics are not an exhaustive list of the qualities expected from a Greek man, but I believe them to be the most significant in relation to the Illiad. I will outline the Greek warrior code using examples from the Illiad and I will then discuss Achilleus responses to the expectations that the honor code placed upon him. The code of honor in the Illiad is by no means simple and I will explore its complexity and the possible critique that the poem has of this honor code. Essay paper has under no circumstances been a ready exercise. Such work take in a much of time since limit for it are skimpy as a norm – it also makes a bunch of tension, and it expects good writing mastership. Besides, an evaluation that you take for your essay has a huge power on your possible evaluation. So isn’t it get better to ask profession authors for essay help? Request your essay at custom writing service click to http://essaylab.com/order-essay-online, it guarantees you a list of profits: you get free time to do more, like meeting your favorite events, do everything that you like. You are certain that your paper will get high-grade, you don’t have to put yourself under strain and trouble about finishing date.

The Essay Sample That You Need to Use in Your Writing

The Essay Sample That You Need to Use in Your WritingThere are many uses for a PDE essay sample. You will find that your PDE essay is going to be used during college classes and may be submitted to writing competitions. Even after graduation, you may need to submit a sample or two of your work to employers in order to start working with one of the many agencies that exist to help students make their career goals a reality.No matter what you will be doing with this paper, it will still need to be professional. Of course, one of the first things that you should do is to take a look at the paper that you have written. If you can't figure out what you did wrong, you will need to take a look at it again and make sure that everything is covered. The last thing that you want to do is to get into trouble with an organization that you have worked hard for simply because you failed to keep your writing accurate.After you have taken a close look at your final draft, you will want to go back ove r it and determine what went wrong. This will help you to get more detailed ideas of what you can do to make sure that you do not repeat any mistakes in the future. You may also find that your career direction may change as a result of your mistakes.The best thing that you can do when reviewing your sample PDE essay is to use the tips in this article. This is a common way to improve your writing skills. You may even find that these tips can help you receive a more favorable grade when you are applying for a job.First, you should start by reviewing the first paragraph. In this first paragraph, you will want to give the reader some information about yourself. You should then write a sentence or two about your academic career and how you got there.Next, you should rewrite your paragraph. The rewrite should be a little different than the original draft. In addition, you should rephrase the sentence that is not too lengthy so that the reader understands exactly what you are trying to say .Now that you have rewritten your PDE essay sample, you will want to see if it still contains the proper grammar and punctuation. For example, you should always use the word 'and' to begin a sentence instead of just 'and'. You should also consider using three single quotes instead of two single quotes.The most important thing that you should do in this section is to revise your paper. Remember, these tips will help you develop better grammar skills. As you revise your paper, you will learn to write more carefully and create clearer sentences. Once you master these skills, you will be well on your way to being a better writer.

Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good

Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good Introduction The ethical dilemmas to be analyzed can best be resolved by striking a balance between what is the right thing to do and what is good. In these two cases, the right solutions will depend on the ability to merge a number of factors that affect the overall outcomes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Case studies In the first case of the copywriter who finds out that disclaimer information has been removed from the advertisement, the action I would take would be to continue with the advertisement but have proof of the fact that the missing disclaimer information was removed by the marketing director. On the other hand, what I should do is to refuse to instate those changes and to take the matter to the chemical company through the marketing manager’s boss. These actions are quite different from one another bec ause the first alternative takes into consideration the consequences of the action rather than the means needed to achieve them (Shockley-Zalabak Pamela, 2009). In this regard, choosing to counteract the actions of the marketing director could cause a loss of the account. It is likely that my firm may be more interesting in retaining business rather than meeting some ethical obligations. Therefore, in order to avoid losing my job, I would let the copy proceed and then find a way of protecting myself if the issue created negative consequences to the public. This would cause the least harm to the said parties. On the other hand, the other alternative of refusing to pass the copies and confronting the marketing director’s boss should be the right thing to do. In this ethical dilemma the copywriter is confronted with the challenge of choosing between doing the right thing and doing the good one. Most teleologists and human beings tend to focus on the results i.e. on the good rat her than the right. However, the highest standard of morality will usually result when a person has decided to engage in a rightful act that produces good consequences. When this is not possible, then one must forgo the good consequences in order to do the right thing. If the disclaimer information causes the public substantial problems in their health then the consequences would be dire. Even if the public health issue may not crop up in this case, it would in the future and hence lead to diminished business by the chemical company as well as poor health; the consequences of doing nothing about the issues are clearly more than they are for doing something about them. Conversely, going silent on the issue is likely to lead to loss of business and maybe even the job of the copywriter. The immediacy and surety of these consequences is what truly necessitated the first option. However, morally right actions sometimes need to sacrifice short term interests of long term ones hence the se cond option (Shockley-Zalabak Pamela, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If I was the consultant who was a specialist in the training programs I would not comply with the president’s requirements. I would inform him of my concerns about the secrecy of his request and the unethical nature of this demand. This course of action is also what one should do. The risks and damages that lie in accepting that conditionality are too high compared to the benefits of not doing so. The president has stated that the matter should be confidential and that if personnel knew then they would object. This admission by the president is a sign that the President is not immune from accountability and that his actions should also be agreeable to other parties. The consultant will therefore have the support of other parties and his chances of keeping the job are quite high even after choos ing to oppose the President’s directives. Furthermore, the training business would suffer less if the consultant concentrated on actual training rather than giving reports on the most talented people in the programs to the president. The realistic nature of these consequences therefore makes rejection of the President’s request a plausible option. On the other hand, the ethical reasons involved in this scenario also favor the same course of action. First, if other companies come to realize that the consultant business participates in shortcuts during recruitment then this would tarnish the image of the business. The consultant has a duty to his company which means that he must engage in actions that would heighten the well being of his organization rather than tarnish its image. He needs to look at the greater good and let go of momentary satisfaction which would be to maintain business with the building products manufacturer. The long term benefits of this business ea sily outweigh the complications the short term business that is being brought by this building products manufacturer. As stated earlier, the best moral actions are those ones that follow the right means and lead to the best consequences (Shockley-Zalabak Pamela, 2009.). In this case, the manner in which the contract clause is to be executed signifies some of the problems that can emanate from it. The president wanted the clause to be secret and the reports to be submitted secretly. It shows that he was aware of the wrongs of these actions hence his reason for avoiding personnel in his company. He was trying to use a shortcut to recruitment instead of performing his role in the right manner as is the case with other people in his industry or in his situation. Even the manner in which he introduced the issue is testimony to how wrong that contract was. He only talked about the secret report and did not write it in the contract. He also mentioned it after talking about the mutually be neficial relationship so the latter seemed like a bribe.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Sometimes the end does not justify the means when these would clash with another then the duty of the agent is to do what is right rather than to focus on the consequences as was the case of the consultant and the copywriter. Reference Shockley-Zalabak, Pamela S. (2009.). Fundamentals of organizational communication knowledge, sensitivity, skills, values (7th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education. ISBN: 0536694621

Low Book Sales 11 Methods to Give Your Book a Boost Sell More

Low Book Sales 11 Methods to Give Your Book a Boost Sell More Low Book Sales: 11 Methods to Give Your Book a Boost Sell More You wrote a book for a few reasons†¦To fulfill a need in your life and also likely to make some passive income.Both of which are great reasons to write a book but what if only one outcome is coming to fruition and in fact, you’re not making much- if anything- off the hard work you put into your book?It can be really frustrating but we can help. After all, that’s part of what we do here at Self-Publishing School.Low Book SalesMany self-published authors who are doing this on their own may see an encouraging spike in sales early on in their publishing journey.After their launch, however, they check their stats, only to be let down by the low book sales they see. What happened to this vision of an author who actually made a living from their books?While it’s challenging, making a full-time income from your books is possible. You just have to have the right system in place. Our very own coach here at Self-Publishing School, Lise Cartwright, has been able to grow her passive income to over $4,000 per month in sales.And we want to teach you how to do the same.Nobody likes low book sales. If you did, you’d never publish a book in the first place but instead, just hoard your books for yourself to read.But it’s not always just about the money, either. More book sales means that more people are reading your book and changing their lives as a result.Since sharing your book’s deep purpose is linked to book sales, it’s only reasonable to want to learn how to sell more books.Plus, we all like to be paid fairly for the work we put into our books, right?NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about how to build a platform and maintain consistent book sales in our Sell More Books Program. Learn more about it hereHow to Sell More BooksSo you did it. You went through the arduous process of self-publishing and now you’re left with more questions than when you started.Since your focus was on actually pub lishing your book, you may have overlooked the very important step of making sure it actually sells.Here at Self-Publishing School, we know what it takes to self-publish and maintain your book sales.Just take a look at this student’s results with our methods. Jed Jurchenko committed, and made it happen, so much so that he’s now one of our very own coaches, so he can teach new students how to implement these techniques in the same way he did.Here’s how you can get rid of your low book sales and actually sell more books. #1 Realize the marketing doesn’t stop once you hit â€Å"publish†The best thing for you to do is realize that just because you’ve published, it doesn’t mean the work is done.In order to maintain steady, continuous book sales, you have to set up a foundation in which you can grow from. This often means marketing regularly in order to keep your book in the limelight.For example, the more you market your book, the more vi sitors you’ll get on your book’s page.Why is this important?Because the Amazon algorithm uses other user’s information to make sure your book pops up in the â€Å"Customers who bought this item also bought†¦Ã¢â‚¬  section, as seen in the example below.The more people visit your book’s page, the more information Amazon gathers about those users, and this helps your book land in that spot, which increases sales.#2 Adjust your book description on AmazonThe description you put on Amazon is much like a short sales letter.Why should someone buy your book? What’s in it for them? If they’re going to be paying you money, they often want to ensure they’re getting their money’s worth.Is your Amazon book description written in a captivating way?This is an example of a strong, powerful book description that helps pull in thousands of dollars in sales per month.Here are a few HTLM tips to ensure your book description on Amazon is hel ping increase your book sales:br Create line breaksem Emphasize the enclosed text in italicsfont Determines the appearance of the text within these bracketsh1 to h6 Determines the size of the text (h1 is the largest)hr This creates a horizontal line used to divide sectionsli is used to create lists (it stands for list item)ol creates a numbered liststrong created bolded textu underlines enclosed textIf you need more help, we have an entire blog post all about this topic, you can read right here.#3 Get more reviewsReviews are so important for book sales. Not only do they help readers discover if the book is a good fit for them, but Amazon relies on book reviews heavily in order to determine where to rank your book.The way the algorithm works is to reward authors who are getting consistent, high rating reviews. Meaning, if your book got 50 4 or 5 star reviews during launch and nothing since, it might fall in the rankings compared to a book that has fewer reviews, but had received the m on a consistent basis.The reason for this is because Amazon wants to promote books that are consistently getting sales and are pleasing the people actually buying them.So it’s your job to get out there and increase your reviews!Here are a few ways you can work to get more reviews (and we have a whole blog post about this here if you want to head over and read that):Add a section about reviewing the book within your bookHost giveaways with a review as one of the criteria to enterRemind people to write a review if they reach out about your bookIn order to increase your book sales, getting more reviews is essential. Don’t underestimate the power of a book review.#4 Create adsIf you’re willing to invest in your book, creating ads on Amazon and even BookBubs is a great way to increase your sales.Make sure you’re not putting more in than what you’re making. In order to ensure you’re using the ads to the best of your abilities, check out this po st about how to create unique Amazon ads to help your book stand out against the rest.#5 Host a relaunchA great way to help your book gain momentum again is to host a relaunch. This could be just a fun event where you get another launch team together to promote your book, or you could also put out a hardcover copy and host a launch for it.As of right now, Amazon does not allow printing of hardcover books, but you can use other sources like IngramSpark for your hardcover.This will bring new attention to your book and when you have more than one version (paperback, hardback, and kindle), you’re seen as more of an authority, which can skyrocket your sales.#6 Reassess your keywords on AmazonAuthors need to start treating Amazon like a search engine, because that’s what it is. But in its case, you’re searching for products and not just information, like you do in Google.Without hitting the right keywords, you can lose out on sales that should rightfully be yours, s imply because your book isnt’ showing up when someone looks for its contents.Take this, for example.If you search for the term â€Å"be happier† in the â€Å"books† category on Amazon, a number of results pop up.We go into even more details of this in our VIP Self-Publishing course, which you can check out right here.#7 Assess your categoriesThe categories you place your book in can make or break your chances of becoming an Amazon bestselling author!Do not make light of this.When you put in your information on Amazon, you’re able to select which categories your book belongs in. These are what’s shown in the example image below.We have a blog post covering this topic in much more detail than you can read right here, but we’ll give you the basics for getting approved for more categories:Use Amazon Keyword Selection. Place your categories in strategic places.Contact Amazon. These category placements are what will attract the right readers and help you become a bestseller remember that!#8 Upgrade your author bioYou want to make sure that people searching Amazon for the types of books you write can find you easily. And sometimes, that means optimizing your Amazon Author bio so others can do so.Take this example of Joanna Penn’s author bio.As you can see, she has a few keywords right away in her biography, which can help those searching for authors who cover the same material she does.Not only that, but she also posts â€Å"author updates† to keep her bio fresh. This shows others that she’s active, which can motivate them to purchase from her, since they know she’s frequently available.#9 Get book endorsementsBook endorsements are one of the best ways you can place yourself as more of an authority in your field. When others see that your book has an endorsement by someone they deem as highly credible, it can prompt them to purchase from you.The reason for this is because they already trust the person who is endorsing you.Since they may not have heard of you before, they might feel less inclined to purchase from you.But having a book endorsement from someone they trust will help calm their qualms so they purchase.Take this example of a book endorsement by one of our students, Cloris Kylie, and her book Beyond Influencer Marketing.#10 Land interviewsInterviews are a powerful way to get your name out and show people just how much you know about the topic you’ve discussed.Whether this is an in-person interview, like one of our youngest students, Emma Sumner as she discusses her book, The Fairies of Waterfall Island: The Search for the Missing Crystal, or an interview on a podcast, you can only benefit from allowing others to ask you questions about your book. Because you’re leveraging someone else’s audience, you can increase your book sales from those who may not have been able to find you or your book through other means.#11 Be consistentOverall, the best thing you can do for you and your low book sales is to be consistent with your methods of marketing.As scary as the term â€Å"marketing† can be, there are many ways you can up your exposure in order to increase your book sales.Our most successful students are those who put in the work and remain consistent in their efforts to sell more books.What’s to do NextAre you ready to increase your low book sales and turn your passion into consistent passive income?Were ready for you!